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6% (< 60 years old), 20% (> 60 years old) [ 4 ] Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition in which the blood and tissue have a lower than normal level of vitamin B 12. [ 5 ] Symptoms can vary from none to severe. [ 1 ] Mild deficiency may have few or absent symptoms. [ 1 ]
[6] [14] [25] Vitamin B 12 deficiency can also cause symptoms of mania and psychosis. [26] [27] Among other problems, weakened immunity, reduced fertility and interruption of blood circulation in women may occur. [28] The main type of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is pernicious anemia, [29] characterized by a triad of symptoms:
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14] Pernicious anemia due to autoimmune problems occurs in about one per 1000 people in the US. Among those over the age of 60, about 2% have the condition. [8] It more commonly affects people of northern European descent. [2]
Important: Pernicious anemia is rare, affecting 0.1% of the general population, however, it does represent 20% to 50% of the causes of vitamin B12 deficiency in adults.
“I typically recommend a liquid or sublingual vitamin B12 supplement with at least 50 mcg per day,” says Kitchens. “As you age, your ability to absorb vitamin B12 may decline so I often ...
Megaloblastic anemia, the most common cause of macrocytic anemia, is due to a deficiency of either vitamin B 12, folic acid, or both. [77] Deficiency in folate or vitamin B 12 can be due either to inadequate intake or insufficient absorption. Folate deficiency normally does not produce neurological symptoms, while B 12 deficiency does.