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Jousting is a medieval and renaissance martial game or hastilude between two combatants either on horse or on foot. [1] The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare "to approach, to meet".
Medieval equestrian warfare and equestrian practices hark back to Roman antiquity, just as the notion of chivalry goes back to the rank of equites in Roman times. [4] There may be an element of continuity connecting the medieval tournament to the hippika gymnasia of the Roman cavalry, but due to the sparsity of written records during the 5th to 8th centuries this is difficult to establish.
Jacques was born to the prominent Lalaing family in the County of Hainaut, the eldest son of Guillaume de Lalaing and Jeanne de Crequy.Jacques had three brothers: John who was provost of Saint-Lambert's Cathedral in Liege, Philippe who was a godson of Philip the Good, and Antoine who was killed by the Swiss while fighting for the Duke of Burgundy Charles the Bold.
Bundrennen (Joust of war with "flying" shields without bevors) against Philipp von Rechberg (see fol. 200) who is the knight lying on the right with donkey ears as a helmet crest. This is one of the few paintings of a joust in the tournament book with a background scene featuring other characters beside the two jousting knights. pp. 90–91 26
Freydal features in each illustrated combat and his opponent is an historical figure with whom Maximilian actually jousted. [9] Each picture, in the lower margin, identifies the name of the opponent and the other courtiers depicted. [12] Two types of joust – Rennen and Stechen – are depicted for each tournament.
These horses were usually stallions, bred and raised from foalhood specifically for the needs of war. The destrier was specifically for use in battle or tournament ; for everyday riding, a knight would use a palfrey , and his baggage would be carried on a sumpter horse (or packhorse ), or possibly in wagons.
Though in English the term man-at-arms is a fairly straightforward rendering of the French homme d'armes, [b] in the Middle Ages, there were numerous terms for this type of soldier, referring to the type of arms he would be expected to provide: In France, he might be known as a lance or glaive, while in Germany, Spieß, Helm or Gleve, and in various places, a bascinet. [2]
An order of knights is a community of knights composed by order rules with the main purpose of an ideal or charitable task. The original ideal lay in monachus et miles (monk and knight), who in the order – ordo (Latin for 'order' / 'status') – is dedicated to a Christian purpose. The first orders of knights were religious orders that were ...