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Polysorbate 80 is a surfactant and solubilizer used in a variety of oral and topical pharmaceutical products. Polysorbate 80 is also an excipient that is used to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral administration, and used as an emulsifier in the making of the antiarrhythmic amiodarone . [ 9 ]
Polysorbate 20, a compound used as a food additive in some pudding mixes to prevent scorching during preparation. Polysorbates are a class of emulsifiers used in some pharmaceuticals and food preparation. They are commonly used in oral and topical pharmaceutical dosage forms.
The chemical structure shown for Polysorbate 80 appears to be incorrect. Polysorbate 80 is made by polymerization of 20 equivalents of ethylene oxide with sorbitan monooleate [1]. The method of synthesis is summarized in Chapter 2 of Food Emulsifiers and Their Applications: Hasenhuettl, Gerard L., Hartel, Richard W. (Eds.) [2]. Aside from the ...
Polysorbate 20 – emulsifier; Polysorbate 40 – emulsifier; Polysorbate 60 – emulsifier; Polysorbate 65 – emulsifier; Polysorbate 80 – emulsifier; Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone – color stabiliser; Pomegranate seeds (though some consider these a fruit, not a spice) – Ponceau 4R – color (FDA: Ext D&C Red #8) Ponceau 6R – color; Ponceau ...
In organic chemistry, ethoxylation is a chemical reaction in which ethylene oxide (C 2 H 4 O) adds to a substrate. It is the most widely practiced alkoxylation, which involves the addition of epoxides to substrates. In the usual application, alcohols and phenols are converted into R(OC 2 H 4) n OH, where n ranges from 1 to 10. Such compounds ...
Sorbitan is produced by the dehydration of sorbitol and is an intermediate in the conversion of sorbitol to isosorbide.The dehydration reaction usually produces sorbitan as a mixture of five- and six-membered cyclic ethers (1,4-anhydrosorbitol, 1,5-anhydrosorbitol and 1,4,3,6-dianhydrosorbitol) [3] with the five-membered 1,4-anhydrosorbitol form being the dominant product.
Sorbitan monooleate (commercially: Span® 80; Croda International PLC) is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier widely used in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. It is a sorbitan ester produced by the esterification of sorbitan with oleic acid, resulting in a light yellow, viscous liquid that is insoluble in ...
For example, the structure of a crystalline protein or polynucleotide, such as a sample prepared for x-ray crystallography, may be defined in terms of a conventional unit cell composed of one or more polymer molecules with cell dimensions of hundreds of angstroms or more. A synthetic polymer may be loosely described as crystalline if it ...