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A colonoscopy should be performed 4–6 weeks after an acute episode. Contrast CT is the investigation of choice in acute episodes of diverticulitis and where complications exist. MRI provides a clear picture of the soft tissue of the abdomen, however, its expense often outweighs the benefits when compared to contrast CT or colonoscopy.
Diverticulitis; Other names: Colonic diverticulitis: Section of the large bowel (sigmoid colon) showing multiple pouches (diverticula).The diverticula appear on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (taenium), which runs horizontally across the specimen in an arc.
Colonoscopy is recommended 6–8 weeks after an episode of complicated diverticulitis or a first-ever episode of diverticulitis. The purpose of the procedure is to confirm diagnosis of diverticular disease and rule out other conditions like cancer. [ 17 ]
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Computed tomography of the abdomen is not routinely necessary, but may show thickening or inflammation in the distal colon (sigmoid colon) with associated diverticulosis. Treatment may consist of antibiotics, aminosalicylates (mesalamine), or prednisone. In rare cases, surgery with segmental resection may be considered.
While a low-fiber diet is generally used for acute diverticulitis, the NIH guidelines recommend a high-fiber diet for patients with diverticulosis (a condition that may lead to diverticulitis). [17] A Mayo Clinic review from 2011 showed that a high-fiber diet can prevent diverticular disease. [18]
The day before a colonoscopy, patients must take laxatives to clear out their colon for cameras to get the best view. That is, they are stuck in a bathroom for several hours.
Routine use of colonoscopy screening varies globally. In the US, colonoscopy is a commonly recommended and widely utilized screening method for colorectal cancer, often beginning at age 45 or 50, depending on risk factors and guidelines from organizations like the American Cancer Society. [9] However, screening practices differ worldwide.