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The Federation of the Andes was a 1826 proposal for a confederation of Colombia, Peru and Bolivia by Libertador Simón Bolivar. [1] During the Spanish American wars of independence Bolívar and his lieutenant Antonio José de Sucre played a descisive role in the in achieving the independence of the three countries and held considerable influence in them, by way of their armies and by being ...
The Flag of Peru (Spanish: Bandera del Perú), often referred to as The Bicolour (la Bicolor), was adopted by the government of Peru in 1825, and modified in 1950. According to the article 49 of the Constitution of Peru , it is a vertical triband with red outer bands and a single white middle band. [ 1 ]
The Wiphala (Quechua pronunciation: [wɪˈpʰala], Spanish: [(ɡ)wiˈpa.la]) is a square emblem commonly used as a flag to represent some native peoples of the Andes that include today's Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Ecuador, northwestern Argentina and southern Colombia.
Peruvian law describes the coat of arms as follows: [1] "The arms of the Peruvian Nation shall consist of a shield divided into three fields: one celestial blue to the right, with a vicuna looking inside; other white to the left, with a Cinchona officinalis placed within, and another, red, in the bottom and smaller, with a cornucopia pouring coins, signifying with these symbols the treasures ...
Former flag of Peru: First flag of Peru, created by José de San Martín. [6] [7] [8] 1822: Former flag of Peru: Second flag, created by José Bernardo de Tagle, a horizontal triband defaced with a golden sun. [9] 1822 - 1825: Former flag of Peru: Third flag, by José Bernardo de Tagle, a vertical triband defaced with a golden sun. [10] 1825 - 1884
The Viceroyalty of Peru (Spanish: Virreinato del Perú), officially known as the Kingdom of Peru (Spanish: Reino del Perú), was a Spanish imperial provincial administrative district, created in 1542, that originally contained modern-day Peru and most of the Spanish Empire in South America, governed from the capital of Lima.
Map of Peru and its codilleras. The Cordillera Oriental (Spanish for eastern mountain range) is the eastern part of the Andes in Peru. This range contains Paleozoic metamorphic rocks. It includes many subsidiary ranges such as the Vilcanota, Vilcabamba, Urubamba and Carabaya mountain ranges and peaks above 6,000 m such as Salcantay.
Francisco de Carvajal (1464 – 10 April 1548) was a Spanish military officer, conquistador, and explorer remembered as "the demon of the Andes" due to his brutality and uncanny military skill in the Peruvian civil wars of the 16th century.