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Avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is death of bone tissue due to interruption of the blood supply. [1] Early on, there may be no symptoms. [ 1 ] Gradually joint pain may develop, which may limit the person's ability to move. [ 1 ]
According to the updated 2014 AAOMS position paper (modified from 2009), in order to distinguish MRONJ, the working definition claims patients may be considered to have MRONJ if all the following characteristics are present: 1. Current or previous treatment with antiresorptive or antiangiogenic agents. 2.
[3] [5] The third (middle finger) metacarpal head has been reported to be the most common site of necrosis. [6] Though osteonecrosis is a fairly common condition, many cases of avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head go without being diagnosed. This is because presentation of symptoms is variable depending on the patient.
Preiser disease, or avascular necrosis of the scaphoid, is a rare condition where ischemia and necrosis of the scaphoid bone occurs without previous fracture.It is thought to be caused by repetitive microtrauma or side effects of drugs (e.g., steroids or chemotherapy) in conjunction with existing defective vascular supply to the proximal pole of the scaphoid.
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a severe bone disease (osteonecrosis) that affects the jaws (the maxilla and the mandible).Various forms of ONJ have been described since 1861, and a number of causes have been suggested in the literature.
Infarction occurs as a result of prolonged ischemia, which is the insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrition to an area of tissue due to a disruption in blood supply.The blood vessel supplying the affected area of tissue may be blocked due to an obstruction in the vessel (e.g., an arterial embolus, thrombus, or atherosclerotic plaque), compressed by something outside of the vessel causing it ...
Specifically, Kienböck's disease is another name for avascular necrosis [2] (death and fracture of bone tissue due to interruption of blood supply) with fragmentation and collapse of the lunate. This has classically been attributed to arterial disruption, but may also occur after events that produce venous congestion with elevated interosseous ...
The major tissues affected are nerves and muscles, where irreversible damage starts to occur after 4–6 hours of cessation of blood supply. [4] Skeletal muscle, the major tissue affected, is still relatively resistant to infarction compared to the heart and brain because its ability to rely on anaerobic metabolism by glycogen stored in the cells may supply the muscle tissue long enough for ...