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Galaxy morphological classification is a system used by astronomers to divide galaxies into groups based on their visual appearance. There are several schemes in use by which galaxies can be classified according to their morphologies, the most famous being the Hubble sequence , devised by Edwin Hubble and later expanded by Gérard de ...
Another criticism of the Hubble classification scheme is that, being based on the appearance of a galaxy in a two-dimensional image, the classes are only indirectly related to the true physical properties of galaxies. In particular, problems arise because of orientation effects. The same galaxy would look very different, if viewed edge-on, as ...
Galaxy Zoo – Crowdsourced astronomy project, citizen science projects from 2007 to classify galaxy images Hertzsprung–Russell diagram – Scatter plot of stars showing the relationship of luminosity to stellar classification, used for stars in clusters
[5] [6] As an elliptical galaxy, the galaxy is a spheroid rather than a flattened disc, accounting for the substantially larger mass of M87. Within a radius of 32 kiloparsecs (100,000 light-years), the mass is (2.4 ± 0.6) × 10 12 times the mass of the Sun, [ 47 ] which is double the mass of the Milky Way galaxy. [ 53 ]
The cD-type is a classification in the Yerkes galaxy classification scheme, one of two Yerkes classifications still in common use, along with D-type. [8] The "c" in "cD" refers to the fact that the galaxies are very large, hence the adjective supergiant, while the "D" refers to the fact that the galaxies appear diffuse. [9]
A galaxy is a system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, ... In 1926 Hubble produced a classification of galactic morphology that is used to this day. [52] [53]
The galaxy's strange morphology is generally recognized as the result of a merger between two smaller galaxies. [34] Zoom movie of the galaxy Centaurus A, showing different aspects of the galaxy in several wavelengths. Schematic diagram of the components of the Centaurus A galaxy. The bulge of this galaxy is composed mainly of evolved red stars ...
The reason is that these galaxy formation models predict a large number of mergers. If disk galaxies merge with another galaxy of comparable mass (at least 15 percent of its mass) the merger will likely destroy, or at a minimum greatly disrupt the disk, and the resulting galaxy is not expected to be a disk galaxy (see next section).