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Mainstreaming, in the context of education, is the practice of placing students with special education needs in a general education classroom during specific time periods based on their skills. [1] This means students who are a part of the special education classroom will join the regular education classroom at certain times which are fitting ...
Normalization has undergone extensive reviews and critiques, thus increasing its stature through the decades often equating it with school mainstreaming, life success and normalization, and deinstitutionalization. [20] [21] [22] [23]
Mainstreaming may refer to: Gender mainstreaming, the practice of considering impacts on men and women of proposed public policy; Youth mainstreaming, a derivative concept focusing on the needs of young people; Mainstreaming (education), the practice of educating students with special needs in regular classes
Inclusion has different historical roots/background which may be integration of students with severe disabilities in the US (who may previously been excluded from schools or even lived in institutions) [7] [8] [9] or an inclusion model from Canada and the US (e.g., Syracuse University, New York) which is very popular with inclusion teachers who believe in participatory learning, cooperative ...
This ambiguity is also reflected on the level of the philosophy of education, which encompasses the study of the philosophical presuppositions and issues both of education as a process and as a discipline. [10] Many works in the philosophy of education focus explicitly or implicitly on the education happening in schools.
Zero reject is an educational philosophy which says that no child can be denied an education because they are "uneducable". [1] It is part of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which is the main special education law that seeks to guarantee free and public education for students with disabilities. [2]
Because the law does not clearly state to what degree the least restrictive environment is, courts have had to interpret the LRE principle. In a landmark case interpreting IDEA's predecessor statute (EHA), Daniel R.R. v. State Board of Education (1989), it was determined that students with disabilities have a right to be included in both academic and extracurricular programs of general education.
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