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In topology, a second-countable space, also called a completely separable space, is a topological space whose topology has a countable base.More explicitly, a topological space is second-countable if there exists some countable collection = {} = of open subsets of such that any open subset of can be written as a union of elements of some subfamily of .
Conversely, a metrizable space is separable if and only if it is second countable, which is the case if and only if it is Lindelöf. To further compare these two properties: An arbitrary subspace of a second-countable space is second countable; subspaces of separable spaces need not be separable (see below).
second-countable space: the topology has a countable base; separable space: there exists a countable dense subspace; Lindelöf space: every open cover has a countable subcover; σ-compact space: there exists a countable cover by compact spaces; Relations: Every first countable space is sequential. Every second-countable space is first-countable ...
sequential space: a set is open if every sequence convergent to a point in the set is eventually in the set; first-countable space: every point has a countable neighbourhood basis (local base) second-countable space: the topology has a countable base; separable space: there exists a countable dense subset
For example, second countability and metrisability are hereditary properties. Sequentiality and Hausdorff compactness are weakly hereditary, but not hereditary. [1] Connectivity is not weakly hereditary. If P is a property of a topological space X and every subspace also has property P, then X is said to be "hereditarily P".
For any manifold the properties of being second-countable, Lindelöf, and σ-compact are all equivalent. Every second-countable manifold is paracompact, but not vice versa. However, the converse is nearly true: a paracompact manifold is second-countable if and only if it has a countable number of connected components. In particular, a connected ...
Formally, a (topological) manifold is a second countable Hausdorff space that is locally homeomorphic to a Euclidean space. Second countable and Hausdorff are point-set conditions; second countable excludes spaces which are in some sense 'too large' such as the long line, while Hausdorff excludes spaces such as "the line with two origins ...
G is a second countable locally compact (Hausdorff) space. G is a Polish, locally compact (Hausdorff) space. G is properly metrisable (as a topological space). There is a left-invariant, proper metric on G that induces the given topology on G. Note: As with the rest of the article we of assume here a Hausdorff topology.