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Black Canadian settlement and immigration patterns can be categorized into two distinct groups. The majority of Black Canadians are descendants of immigrants from the Caribbean and the African continent who arrived in Canada during significant migration waves, beginning in the post-war era of the 1950s and continuing into recent decades.
Indigenous Black Canadians is a term for people in Canada of African descent who have roots in Canada going back several generations. The term has been proposed to distinguish them from Black people with more recent immigrant roots.
The Underground Railroad was a secret network that helped African Americans escape from slavery in the South to free states in the north and to Canada. [4] Harriet Tubman helped enslaved Black people escape to Canada. [5] Around some 1,500 African Americans migrated to the Plains region of Canada in the years between 1905 and 1912.
Black Nova Scotians (also known as African Nova Scotians, Afro-Nova Scotians, and Africadians [3]) are Black Canadians who choose to stand out from other Canadians by making their race their constant differentiating factor, and whose ancestors primarily date back to the Colonial United States as slaves or freemen, later arriving in Nova Scotia, Canada, during the 18th and early 19th centuries. [4]
Black Canadians, numbering 198,610, make up 11.3% of Montreal's population, as of 2021, and are the largest visible minority group in the city. [1] The majority of Black Canadians are of Caribbean and of continental African origin, though the population also includes African American immigrants and their descendants (including Black Nova Scotians) [2]
The increase represents a significant shift in Canada's demographics related to record high immigration since the advent of its multiculturalism policies. Statistics Canada projects that by 2041, visible minorities will make up 38.2–43.0% of the total Canadian population, compared with 26.5% in 2021.
This page lists Canadian citizens of full or partial Sub-Saharan African descent or West Indian origin who identify or would seem to identify themselves as Black Canadians. Subcategories This category has the following 11 subcategories, out of 11 total.
This category contains lists of citizens of Canada grouped by their ethnic or national origin. Pages in category "Lists of Canadian people by ethnicity" The following 21 pages are in this category, out of 21 total.