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void gmix_column (unsigned char * r) {unsigned char a [4]; unsigned char b [4]; unsigned char c; unsigned char h; /* The array 'a' is simply a copy of the input array 'r' * The array 'b' is each element of the array 'a' multiplied by 2 * in Rijndael's Galois field * a[n] ^ b[n] is element n multiplied by 3 in Rijndael's Galois field */ for (c = 0; c < 4; c ++) {a [c] = r [c]; /* h is set to ...
The correct number of sections for a fence is n − 1 if the fence is a free-standing line segment bounded by a post at each of its ends (e.g., a fence between two passageway gaps), n if the fence forms one complete, free-standing loop (e.g., enclosure accessible by surmounting, such as a boxing ring), or n + 1 if posts do not occur at the ends ...
Users of Stack Overflow can earn reputation points and "badges"; for example, a person is awarded 10 reputation points for receiving an "up" vote on a question or an answer to a question, [12] and can receive badges for their valued contributions, [13] which represents a gamification of the traditional Q&A website. Users unlock new privileges ...
Record linkage (also known as data matching, data linkage, entity resolution, and many other terms) is the task of finding records in a data set that refer to the same entity across different data sources (e.g., data files, books, websites, and databases).
dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]
The best example of the plug-in principle, the bootstrapping method. Bootstrapping is a statistical method for estimating the sampling distribution of an estimator by sampling with replacement from the original sample, most often with the purpose of deriving robust estimates of standard errors and confidence intervals of a population parameter like a mean, median, proportion, odds ratio ...
If R(x) = r n−1 x n−1 + ⋯ + r 1 x + r 0 is any nonzero polynomial modulo 2 with at most t nonzero coefficients, then R(x) is not a multiple of P(x) modulo 2. [ Notes 4 ] If follows that the corresponding hash function will map keys with fewer than t bits in common to unique indices.
Solution of a travelling salesman problem: the black line shows the shortest possible loop that connects every red dot. In the theory of computational complexity, the travelling salesman problem (TSP) asks the following question: "Given a list of cities and the distances between each pair of cities, what is the shortest possible route that visits each city exactly once and returns to the ...