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7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is a terpenoid indole alkaloid from the plant Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom. [2] It was first described in 1994 [3] and is a human metabolite metabolized from mitragynine present in the Mitragyna speciosa. 7-OH binds to opioid receptors like mitragynine, but research suggests that 7-OH binds with greater efficacy.
Mitragyna speciosa is a tropical evergreen tree of the Rubiaceae family (coffee family) native to Southeast Asia. [3] It is indigenous to Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea, [4] where its leaves, known as kratom, have been used in herbal medicine since at least the 19th century. [5]
Ether extracts about 1–7% of the dried leaf mass. [27] Vachellia sieberiana, DMT, in the leaf [9] Acacia simplex, DMT and NMT, in the leaf, stem and trunk bark, 0.81% DMT in bark, MMT [9] [43] Vachellia tortilis, DMT, NMT, and other tryptamines [33] Acacia vestita, Tryptamine, in the leaf and stem, [9] but less than 0.02% total alkaloids [15]
A Texas judge on Thursday ordered a New York doctor to pay more than $100,000 in penalties for prescribing abortion pills to a woman near Dallas, a ruling that could test “shield laws” in ...
In 2023, more than five million Americans 12 and older reported a "prescription use disorder" within the past year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
A handful of Texas jails have issued electronic tablets to inmates. Counties can make money off their use. ... at the Harris County Joint Processing Center, part of the county jail system, on ...
Erowid, also called Erowid Center, is a non-profit educational organization that provides information about psychoactive plants and chemicals. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Erowid documents legal and illegal substances, including their intended and adverse effects.
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.