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Some bodily fluids, such as saliva, sweat, and tears, do not transmit the virus. [19] Oral sex has little risk of transmitting the virus. [ 20 ] Ways to avoid catching HIV and preventing the spread include safe sex , treatment to prevent infection (" PrEP "), treatment to stop infection in someone who has been recently exposed (" PEP "), [ 4 ...
[1] [2] Contamination can occur when one of these objects comes into contact with bodily secretions, like nasal fluid, vomit or feces from landed toilet flushing aerosols (Toilet Plume). Many common objects can sustain a pathogen until a person comes in contact with the pathogen, increasing the chance of infection.
Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was initially discovered and termed both lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) and human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III). HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, [20] and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower ...
When used for protection against STDs and STIs, male condoms offer 90 percent protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, and gonorrhea, making them crucial for STI and HIV ...
A person donating HIV-infected organs, tissues, and blood can be prosecuted for transmitting the virus. Spitting or transmitting HIV-infected bodily fluids is a criminal offense in some states, particularly if the target is a prison guard.
When people are exposed to HIV-positive infectious bodily fluids either through skin puncture, contact with mucous membranes or contact with damaged skin, they are at risk for acquiring HIV. Pooled estimates give a risk of transmission with puncture exposures of 0.3% [ 115 ] and mucous membrane exposures 0.63%. [ 116 ]
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