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Cardiac monitoring generally refers to continuous or intermittent monitoring of heart activity to assess a patient's condition relative to their cardiac rhythm.Cardiac monitoring is usually carried out using electrocardiography, which is a noninvasive process that records the heart's electrical activity and displays it in an electrocardiogram. [1]
A medical monitor or physiological monitor is a medical device used for monitoring. It can consist of one or more sensors, processing components, display devices (which are sometimes in themselves called "monitors"), as well as communication links for displaying or recording the results elsewhere through a monitoring network. [citation needed]
A heart rate monitor (HRM) is a personal monitoring device that allows one to measure/display heart rate in real time or record the heart rate for later study. It is largely used to gather heart rate data while performing various types of physical exercise. Measuring electrical heart information is referred to as electrocardiography (ECG or EKG).
Wearable technologies that monitor heart rate has interested users for a very long time. [14] In addition to the pulse watch which monitors heart rate from pulse detection at the wrist. There are also devices which use similar technologies to monitor heart rate from the ear, forearm and chest, using a chest strap. [2]
An implantable loop recorder (ILR), also known as an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM), is a small device that is implanted under the skin of the chest for cardiac monitoring, to record the heart's electrical activity for an extended period.
Its founder Seppo Säynäjäkangas (1942–2018) was the inventor of the first wireless EKG heart rate monitor. [3] In 1978, the company launched its first commercial product, the Tunturi Pulser. In 1982, Polar launched the world's first wearable wire-free heart rate monitor, the Sport Tester PE 2000. [4] [5] [6]
Various other techniques have largely relegated the PA catheter to history, e.g. the lithium dilution technique; the external bio-resistance monitor, pulse contour analysis or the very simple and reliable technique of esophogeal doppler measurements of the descending aorta.
This article needs to be updated.The reason given is: the section related to E.U. needs further updates (esp. in sections 3.2 and 4.2.2) as the directives 93/42/EEC on medical devices and 90/385/EEC on active implantable medical devices have been fully repealed on 26 May 2021 by Regulation (EU) no. 2017/745 (MDR); furthermore, Brexit triggers updates in these sections (U.K. developed their own ...