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Specifically, flood and storm related PTSD are observed frequently for people residing in low and middle income areas impacted by climate disasters. [12] Other vulnerable groups to extreme weather mental health effects include the economically disadvantaged, elderly, disabled, prisoners, substance abusers, and children. [13]
The negative effects of normalcy bias can be combated through the four stages of disaster response: [18] preparation, including publicly acknowledging the possibility of disaster and forming contingency plans. warning, including issuing clear, unambiguous, and frequent warnings and helping the public to understand and believe them.
A swift response by authorities to restore a sense of order and security can substantially reduce the risk of any long term psychological impact for most people. Though individuals who already had mental ill health, especially psychosis , can need intensive care, which can be challenging to deliver if local mental health services were disrupted ...
Some of the psychological impacts require no form of treatment at all, and can even be positive: for example, worry about climate change can be positively related to information-seeking and to a sense of being able to influence such problems. [39] One way to combat eco-anxiety is through beliefs about the effectiveness of personal actions. [40]
The psychological effects of climate change may be investigated within the field of climate psychology or picked up in the course of treatment of mental health disorders. Non-clinical approaches, campaigning options, internet-based support forums, and self-help books may be adopted by those not overwhelmed by climate anxiety.
Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a system of support for individuals and groups who have been exposed to trauma.It is a form of psychological first aid.It includes pre-incident preparedness and acute crisis management through post-crisis follow-up.
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The potential for significant psychological sequelae after indirect exposure to oil spills and other environmental disasters has been well documented. These parallel the psychological distress associated with direct disaster exposure and include symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder [26]