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The Battle of Jackson was fought on May 14, 1863, in Jackson, Mississippi, as part of the Vicksburg campaign during the American Civil War.After entering the state of Mississippi in late April 1863, Major General Ulysses S. Grant of the Union Army moved his force inland to strike at the strategic Mississippi River town of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Grant left Sherman's corps in Jackson with orders to destroy anything of military value. [51] Sherman's men destroyed infrastructure in the city, including factories, warehouses, foundries, railroad tracks, telegraph wires and other property of military or economic value. [52] [53] [54] Sherman's corps left Jackson on May 16, 1863. [55]
A portion of Grant's army consisting of Major General James B. McPherson's 10,000 to 12,000-man XVII Corps moved northeast towards Raymond. The Confederate commander of Vicksburg, Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton , ordered Brigadier General John Gregg and his 3,000 to 4,000-strong brigade from Jackson to Raymond.
XVII Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War.It was organized December 18, 1862 as part of Ulysses S. Grant's Army of the Tennessee.It was most notably commanded by Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson and Maj. Gen. Francis P. Blair II, and served in the Western Theater.
The Siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg campaign of the American Civil War.In a series of maneuvers, Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate Army of Mississippi, led by Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton, into the defensive lines surrounding the ...
The 29th Massachusetts traveled with other elements of the IX Corps via steamship down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. They arrived in the vicinity of Vicksburg in late June and began digging entrenchments. Less than two weeks after the regiment arrived in Mississippi, the city of Vicksburg surrendered on July 4, 1863. [35]
Vicksburg was strategically vital to the Confederates. Jefferson Davis said, "Vicksburg is the nail head that holds the South's two halves together." [4] While in their hands, it blocked Union navigation down the Mississippi; together with control of the mouth of the Red River and of Port Hudson to the south, it allowed communication with the states west of the river, upon which the ...
McClernand's corps numbered over 17,000 men, McPherson's counted 16,000 soldiers, [9] and Sherman's corps had slightly under 17,000 troops. [10] The four XIII Corps divisions were led by Brigadier Generals Peter J. Osterhaus , Andrew Jackson Smith , Alvin P. Hovey , and Eugene Asa Carr .