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Ameloblastoma is a rare, benign or cancerous tumor of odontogenic epithelium (ameloblasts, or outside portion, of the teeth during development) much more commonly appearing in the lower jaw than the upper jaw. [1] It was recognized in 1827 by Cusack. [2]
Human Tooth Diagram. Cementoma is an odontogenic tumor of cementum.It is usually observed as a benign spherical mass of hard tissue fused to the root of a tooth. [1] It is found most commonly in the mandible in the region of the lower molar teeth, occurring between the ages of 8 and 30 in both sexes with equal frequency . [1]
As with normal tooth development, odontomas stop growing once mature which makes them benign. [6] The average age of people found with an odontoma is 14. [7] The condition is frequently associated with one or more unerupted teeth and is often detected through failure of teeth to erupt at the expected time. Though most cases are found impacted ...
[1] [2] Resorption of tooth roots is seen in 37% of cases compared to displacement of teeth in 50%. [1] Two-thirds of lesions are found anterior to molars in the mandible, where teeth have deciduous predecessors. [2] CGCGs are twice as likely to affect females and usually seen in those under 30-years. However, can be seen in a broad age range. [2]
Periodontitis—When gingivitis is not treated it can advance to periodontitis, when the gums pull away from the teeth and form pockets that harbor the bacteria. Bacterial toxins and the body's natural defenses start to break down the bone and connective tissues. The tooth may eventually become loose and have to be removed.
This epulis contains giant cells and is usually found on the gum margin between teeth which are anterior to the permanent molars. [13]: 317 The development of a giant cell epulis may be related to the recent loss of baby teeth, extraction or trauma. [13]: 319 The swelling is round, soft and commonly maroon or purplish in colour.
More simply, epulis fissuratum is where excess folds of firm tissue form inside the mouth, as a result of rubbing on the edge of dentures that do not fit well. It is a harmless condition and does not represent oral cancer. Treatment is by simple surgical removal of the lesion, and also by adjustment of the denture or provision of a new denture.
Intraoral X-rays or a 3-D cone beam scan of the affected area can be used to obtain radiological images and confirm diagnosis of cysts in the periapical area. Circular or ovoid radiolucency surrounding the root tip of approximately 1-1.5 cm in diameter is indicative of the presence of a periapical cyst. [ 2 ]