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In a circular fisheye lens, the image circle is inscribed in the film or sensor area; in a diagonal ("full-frame") fisheye lens, the image circle is circumscribed around the film or sensor area. This implies that using a fisheye lens for a different format than it was intended for is easy (as opposed to a rectilinear lens), and may change its ...
The most famous example is the Rapid Rectilinear Lens developed by John Henry Dallmeyer in 1866. It allowed distortionless photos to be taken quickly for the first time, and was a standard lens design for 60 years. [1]: 59 As of 2020, the Laowa 9mm f/5.6 lens is the world's widest rectilinear lens for full frame cameras.
Photoshop CS2 and Photoshop Elements (from version 5) include a manual Lens Correction filter for simple (pincushion/barrel) distortion; Corel Paint Shop Pro Photo includes a manual Lens Distortion effect for simple (barrel, fisheye, fisheye spherical and pincushion) distortion. GIMP includes manual lens distortion correction (from version 2.4).
The mood effect of perspective distortion achieved by rectilinear extreme wide-angle lenses is that the resulting image looks grotesque and unsettling, while not looking as unrealistic as curvilinear fisheye lenses which display barrel distortion. The effect is especially noticeable the closer the camera is to the subject, as its amount ...
DxO ViewPoint allows users to correct the horizon, keystoning, volume distortion (volume anamorphosis), and a number of lens distortions automatically or through sliders. Lens distortions include barrel, pincushion, and fisheye. DxO ViewPoint's corrections are based on DxO's data created through a large volume of images produced using different ...
While there is no formal division between "wide-angle" and "panoramic" photography, "wide-angle" normally refers to a type of lens, but using this lens type does not necessarily make an image a panorama. An image made with an ultra wide-angle fisheye lens covering the normal film frame of 1:1.33 is not automatically considered to be a panorama.
Cross-section of Maxwell's fish-eye lens, with blue shading representing increasing refractive index. Maxwell's fish-eye lens is also an example of the generalized Luneburg lens. The fish-eye, which was first fully described by Maxwell in 1854 [5] (and therefore pre-dates Luneburg's solution), has a refractive index varying according to
With basic techniques, e.g., a tool such as Adobe Photoshop's Lens Blur filter, [9] using sharpness gradients extending from the middle of the image to the top and bottom, the effect is quite similar to that obtained using lens tilt. The simple techniques have limitations similar to those of lens tilt.