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Serotonin (/ ˌ s ɛr ə ˈ t oʊ n ɪ n, ˌ s ɪər ə-/) [6] [7] [8] or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter.Its biological function is complex, touching on diverse functions including mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and numerous physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction.
Examples are dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. All monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. They are deactivated in the body by the enzymes known as monoamine oxidases which clip off the amine group.
The serotonin transporter (SERT or 5-HTT) also known as the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and solute carrier family 6 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene. [5] SERT is a type of monoamine transporter protein that transports the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic ...
3356 15558 Ensembl ENSG00000102468 ENSMUSG00000034997 UniProt P28223 P35363 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001165947 NM_000621 NM_001378924 NM_172812 RefSeq (protein) NP_000612 NP_001159419 NP_001365853 NP_766400 Location (UCSC) Chr 13: 46.83 – 46.9 Mb n/a PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The 5-HT 2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT 2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor ...
Layers of the Alimentary Canal.The wall of the alimentary canal has four basic tissue layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The enteric nervous system in humans consists of some 500 million neurons [11] (including the various types of Dogiel cells), [1] [12] 0.5% of the number of neurons in the brain, five times as many as the one hundred million neurons in the human spinal ...
Serotonin pathways are thought to modulate eating, both the amount as well as the motor processes associated with eating. The serotonergic projections into the hypothalamus are thought to be particularly relevant, and an increase in serotonergic signaling is thought to generally decrease food consumption (evidenced by fenfluramine , however ...
The 7 general serotonin receptor classes include a total of 14 known serotonin receptors. [9] The 15th receptor 5-HT 1P has been distinguished on the basis of functional and radioligand binding studies, its existence has never been definitely affirmed or refuted. [10] [11] The specific types have been characterized as follows: [12] [13] [14]
The serotonin synthesised by EC cells is predominately exocytosed from the basal border, but is also known to be apically secreted into the lumen of the gut and can be present in faecal samples. Secreted 5-HT acts on different receptor subtypes found localised in cells in the gastrointestinal epithelium, smooth muscle and connective tissue with ...