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The relations between Turkey and the United Kingdom have a long history. The countries have been at war several times, such as within the First World War. They have also been allied several times, such as in the Crimean War. Turkey has an embassy in London, while the United Kingdom maintains an embassy in Ankara and a consulate in Istanbul.
The Mosul question was a territorial dispute in the early 20th century between Turkey and the United Kingdom (later Iraq) over the possession of the former Ottoman Mosul vilayet. The Mosul vilayet was part of the Ottoman Empire until the end of World War I , when it was occupied by Britain.
Turkey helped enforce the no-fly zone and naval blockade [11] The NTC assumed interim control of Libya; Abdullah Gül: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan: Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war (2011–present) Operation Euphrates Shield (2016–2017) Operation Olive Branch (2018–2019) Operation Peace Spring (2019) Operation Spring Shield (2020) Turkey
Bartlett, C. J. British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century (1989) Bourne, Kenneth. The foreign policy of Victorian England, 1830–1902 (Oxford UP, 1970.) pp 195–504 are "Selected documents" Bright, J. Franck. A History of England. Period 4: Growth of Democracy: Victoria 1837–1880 (1893) online 608pp; highly detailed diplomatic narrative
The war dragged on and on, and neither France nor England could afford the mounting expenses, so a compromise solution was finally reached in the Treaty of Utrecht that protected most of England's interests; the French abandoned their long-term claim that the Old Pretender was the true King of England. [63]
Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Ottoman Empire continued losing its territories, including Greece, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and the Balkans in the 1912–1913 Balkan Wars. Anatolia remained multi-ethnic until the early 20th century.
Turkish War of Independence; Part of the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in the aftermath of World War I: Clockwise from top left: Delegation gathered in Sivas Congress to determine the objectives of the Turkish National Movement; Turkish civilians carrying ammunition to the front; Kuva-yi Milliye infantry; Turkish horse cavalry in chase; Turkish Army's capture of Smyrna; troops in Ankara's Ulus ...
The European balance of power is a tenet in international relations that no single power should be allowed to achieve hegemony over a substantial part of Europe. During much of the Modern Age, the balance was achieved by having a small number of ever-changing alliances contending for power, [1] which culminated in the World Wars of the early 20th century.