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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the principal types. [3] Crohn's disease affects the small intestine and large intestine, as well as the mouth, esophagus, stomach and the anus, whereas UC primarily affects the colon ...
[22] [23] Inflammatory bowel disease resulted in 47,400 deaths in 2015, [24] and those with Crohn's disease have a slightly reduced life expectancy. [1] Onset of Crohn's disease tends to start in adolescence and young adulthood, though it can occur at any age. [25] [1] [3] [26] Males and females are affected roughly equally. [3]
Autoimmune enteropathy is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by weight loss from malabsorption, severe and protracted diarrhea, and autoimmune damage to the intestinal mucosa. [1] Autoimmune enteropathy typically occurs in infants and younger children however, adult cases have been reported in literature. [9]
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the other type being Crohn's disease. [1] It is a long-term condition that results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. [1] [7] The primary symptoms of active disease are abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood (hematochezia). [1]
Unlike the colon (or large bowel), which is rich with bacteria, the small bowel usually has fewer than 100,000 organisms per millilitre. [1] Patients with bacterial overgrowth typically develop symptoms which may include nausea , bloating , vomiting , diarrhea , malnutrition , weight loss , and malabsorption [ 2 ] by various mechanisms.
Many patients are diagnosed late in the course of disease after additional symptoms are seen. Mortality is also difficult to accurately determine. One retrospective study estimated mortality to be between 10 and 25% for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) and to vary greatly depending on the etiology of the condition. [ 5 ]
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