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The human virome is a part of human bodies and will not always cause harm. [23] Many latent and asymptomatic viruses are present in the human body all the time. Viruses infect all life forms; therefore the bacterial, plant, and animal cells and material in the gut also carry viruses. [6]
In the 2000s, the Rohwer lab sequenced viromes from seawater, [9] [10] marine sediments, [11] adult human stool, [12] infant human stool, [13] soil, [14] and blood. [15] This group also performed the first RNA virome with collaborators from the Genomic Institute of Singapore. [ 16 ]
Phageome research in humans has largely focused on the gut, however it is also being investigated in other areas like the skin, [8] blood, [9] and mouth. [10] The composition of phages that make up a healthy human gut phageome is currently debated, since different methods of research can lead to different results. [ 11 ]
Main article: Human parasite Endoparasites Protozoan organisms Common name of organism or disease Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen Prevalence Source/Transmission (Reservoir/Vector) Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Acanthamoeba spp. eye, brain, skin culture worldwide contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water ...
It breaks down both red and white blood cells that are spent. This is why it is sometimes known as the 'graveyard of red blood cells'. [23] A product of this digestion is the pigment bilirubin, which is sent to the liver and secreted in the bile. Another product is iron, which is used in the formation of new blood cells in the bone marrow. [5]
Escherichia coli, one of the many species of bacteria present in the human gut. Gut microbiota, gut microbiome, or gut flora are the microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, that live in the digestive tracts of animals. [1] [2] The gastrointestinal metagenome is the aggregate of all the genomes of the gut microbiota.
In human anatomy, the intestine (bowel or gut; Greek: éntera) is the segment of the gastrointestinal tract extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the anus and as in other mammals, consists of two segments: the small intestine and the large intestine.
From the inner cavity of the gut (the lumen) outwards, these are the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscular layer and the serosa or adventitia. The mucosa is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract. It surrounds the lumen of the tract and comes into direct contact with digested food .