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  2. Geopotential height - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopotential_height

    Geopotential height differs from geometric height (as given by a tape measure) because Earth's gravity is not constant, varying markedly with altitude and latitude; thus, a 1-m geopotential height difference implies a different vertical distance in physical space: "the unit-mass must be lifted higher at the equator than at the pole, if the same ...

  3. Null Island - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_Island

    The name is often used in mapping software as a placeholder to help find and correct database entries that have erroneously been assigned the coordinates 0,0. Although "Null Island" started as a joke within the geospatial community, it has become a useful means of addressing a recurring issue in geographic information science. [1]

  4. Optimal estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_estimation

    In the case of a retrieval of profile information, it typical indicates the altitude resolution for a given altitude. For instance if the resolution vectors for all the altitudes contain non-zero elements (to a numerical tolerance) in their four nearest neighbours, then the altitude resolution is only one fourth that of the actual grid size.

  5. Multinomial test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinomial_test

    Multinomial test is the statistical test of the null hypothesis that the parameters of a multinomial distribution equal specified values; it is used for categorical data. [ 1 ] Beginning with a sample of N {\displaystyle ~N~} items each of which has been observed to fall into one of k {\displaystyle k} categories.

  6. Knudsen number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knudsen_number

    The Knudsen number is a dimensionless number defined as =, where = mean free path [L 1], = representative physical length scale [L 1].. The representative length scale considered, , may correspond to various physical traits of a system, but most commonly relates to a gap length over which thermal transport or mass transport occurs through a gas phase.

  7. Mountain climbing problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_climbing_problem

    A trivial example. In mathematics, the mountain climbing problem is a mathematical problem that considers a two-dimensional mountain range (represented as a continuous function), and asks whether it is possible for two mountain climbers starting at sea level on the left and right sides of the mountain to meet at the summit, while maintaining equal altitudes at all times.

  8. Aerial photographic and satellite image interpretation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_photographic_and...

    The advantage of high-altitude aerial photography is that it can record the information of a larger area by taking one photograph only. [5] However, high-altitude photographs cannot show as many details as low-altitude photographs since some objects, such as buildings, roads, and infrastructures, are of a very tiny in size in the image. [5]

  9. Density altitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density_altitude

    Density Altitude Computation Chart [1] The density altitude is the altitude relative to standard atmospheric conditions at which the air density would be equal to the indicated air density at the place of observation. In other words, the density altitude is the air density given as a height above mean sea level.