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A portative organ (from the Latin verb portare, "to carry"), also known during Italian Trecento as the organetto, is a small pipe organ that consists of one rank of flue pipes, sometimes arranged in two rows, to be played while strapped to the performer at a right angle.
A portative organ or a positive organ (which are also, but imprecisely, known as box, trunk, and cabinet organs) can be used in a residential setting, but the notion of a residence organ strictly embodies a permanence of place that is belied by the notion of portability embodied by the portatives and positives.
The portative organs were small and created for secular use and made of light weight delicate materials that would have been easy for one individual to transport and play on their own. [23] The portative organ was a "flue-piped keyboard instrument, played with one hand while the other operated the bellows."
The positive organ differs from the portative organ in that it is larger and is not played while strapped at a right angle to the performer's body. It also has a larger keyboard (typically 49 notes or more in modern examples, often 45 or so notes with a short octave in older ones), while a portative may have as few as 12 or 13 notes.
Johnson Organs, Westfield, Massachusetts – first William A. Johnson Organ Company, then Johnson & Son Organ Company (c. 1871-1898) Thomas Johnston , Boston, Massachusetts Kegg Pipe Organ Builders , ( Hartville, Ohio )
Theophilus's organ in the 11th century A.D., used bellows activated by body weight. [81] That was refined to make all air from three bellows enter into a common channel. [81] Smaller organs are illustrated that are now called portative organs and positive organs. 850 A.D., Utrecht Psalter. 1050-1100 A.D., Germany. Jeduthun playing rebec.
In music, the organ is a keyboard instrument of one or more pipe divisions or other means (generally woodwind or electric) for producing tones. The organs have usually two or three, up to five, manuals for playing with the hands and a pedalboard for playing with the feet. With the use of registers, several groups of pipes can be connected to ...
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