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Regulation of intestinal blood flow Neurotensin: Ileum: Affects gut motility; increases jejunal and ileal fluid secretion Pancreatic polypeptide: Pancreas: Inhibits pancreatic and biliary secretion Peptide YY: Colon: Inhibits food intake Somatostatin: Stomach, pancreas: Inhibits secretion and action of many hormones Substance P: Enteric nerves ...
Its role in the intestine is to greatly stimulate secretion of water and electrolytes, [12] as well as relaxation of enteric smooth muscle, dilating peripheral blood vessels, stimulating pancreatic bicarbonate secretion, and inhibiting gastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. These effects work together to increase motility. [13]
GI peptides are signal molecules that are released into the blood by the GI cells themselves. They act on a variety of tissues including the brain, digestive accessory organs, and the GI tract. The effects range from excitatory or inhibitory effects on motility and secretion to feelings of satiety or hunger when acting on the brain.
In addition, they slow the rate of absorption of nutrients into the blood stream by reducing gastric emptying and may directly reduce food intake. The two main candidate peptides that fulfill criteria for an incretin are the intestinal peptides glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP, also known as: glucose-dependent ...
The rate of gastric emptying is therefore an important aspect to consider, as it regulates the entry of nutrients into the small intestine where the direct stimulation occurs. One of the actions of GLP-1 is to inhibit gastric emptying, thus slowing down its own secretion (negative feedback) upon postprandial activation. [1] [2]
PYY exerts its action through NPY receptors; it inhibits gastric motility and increases water and electrolyte absorption in the colon. [18] PYY may also suppress pancreatic secretion. It is secreted by the neuroendocrine cells in the ileum and colon in response to a meal, and has been shown to reduce appetite. PYY works by slowing the gastric ...
Although all of the patients in this review were middle-aged and older, the results suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors conferred greater cardiovascular benefits in the older patients, while GLP-1 ...
CCK mediates digestion in the small intestine by inhibiting gastric emptying. It stimulates the acinar cells of the pancreas to release a juice rich in pancreatic digestive enzymes (hence an alternate name, pancreozymin) that catalyze the digestion of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. Thus, as the levels of the substances that stimulated the ...