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These functions are not strictly a component of the BSD socket API, but are often used in conjunction with the API functions for looking up a host. These functions are now considered legacy interfaces for querying the domain name system. New functions that are completely protocol-agnostic (supporting IPv6) have been defined.
A network socket is a software structure within a network node of a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the network. The structure and properties of a socket are defined by an application programming interface (API) for the networking architecture.
In computer networking, the Transport Layer Interface (TLI) was the networking API provided by AT&T UNIX System V Release 3 (SVR3) in 1987 [1] and continued into Release 4 (SVR4). [2] TLI was the System V counterpart to the BSD sockets programming interface, which was also provided in UNIX System V Release 4 (SVR4). [2]
The Windows Sockets API covered almost all the features of the BSD sockets API, but there were some unavoidable obstacles which mostly arose out of fundamental differences between Windows and Unix (though Windows Sockets differed less from BSD sockets than the latter did from STREAMS).
BSD was sponsored by DARPA until 1988, [3] which led to the implementation of ARPANET and later the TCP/IP stack to Unix by BSD, [4] which were released in BSD NET/1 in 1988. The codebase had been rewritten so much that as little as 5% of BSD contained original AT&T code, [4] and therefore NET/1 was released without an AT&T source license. [3]
The Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF; also BSD Packet Filter, classic BPF or cBPF) is a network tap and packet filter which permits computer network packets to be captured and filtered at the operating system level.
Ports collections (or ports trees, or just ports) are the sets of makefiles and patches provided by the BSD-based operating systems, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, as a simple method of installing software or creating binary packages.
The book's summary describes it as "for programmers seeking an in depth tutorial on sockets, transport level interface (TLI), interprocess communications (IPC) facilities under System V and BSD UNIX." [2] The book has been translated into several languages, including Chinese, Italian, German, Japanese and others.