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Diazepam is a Schedule 4 substance under the Poisons Standard (June 2018). [138] A Schedule 4 drug is outlined in the Poisons Act 1964 as, "Substances, the use or supply of which should be by or on the order of persons permitted by State or Territory legislation to prescribe and should be available from a pharmacist on prescription". [138]
Preoperational anxiety, or preoperative anxiety, is a common reaction experienced by patients who are admitted to a hospital for surgery. [1] It can be described as an unpleasant state of tension or uneasiness that results from a patient's doubts or fears before an operation.
Midazolam 1 & 5 mg/mL injections (Canada). Benzodiazepines possess psycholeptic, sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, and amnesic actions, [4] [5] which are useful in a variety of indications such as alcohol dependence, seizures, anxiety disorders, panic, agitation, and insomnia.
The consensus is to reduce dosage gradually over several weeks, e.g. 4 or more weeks for diazepam doses over 30 mg/day, [1] with the rate determined by the person's ability to tolerate symptoms. [120] The recommended reduction rates range from 50% of the initial dose every week or so, [121] to 10–25% of the daily dose every 2 weeks. [120]
Valium (Diazepam) is the most widely recognized drug in the group. It has been around since the 1960s and is a well known and time-tested sedative with amnesic properties. Valium has a longer half-life than some of the other medications, so it is particularly useful for appointments where extensive dentistry is being performed.
It is used to treat anxiety, insomnia and symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol, benzodiazepines, and other drugs. Chlordiazepoxide has a medium to long half-life, while its active metabolite has a very long half-life. The drug has amnesic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. [4]
Just 100 micrograms of MM120 led to a 48% rate of remission from generalized anxiety disorder after 12 weeks, MindMed reported.
It is mainly an anti-anxiety agent with similar side effects to diazepam. In addition to being used to treat anxiety or panic states, bromazepam may be used as a premedicant prior to minor surgery. Bromazepam typically comes in doses of 3 mg and 6 mg tablets. [4] It was patented in 1961 by Roche and approved for medical use in 1974. [5]