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A city-state is an independent sovereign city which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life over its contiguous territory. [1] They have existed in many parts of the world throughout history, including cities such as Rome, Carthage, Athens and Sparta and the Italian city-states during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, such as Florence, Venice, Genoa and Milan.
City-states emerging at this time used geomancy to locate and plan cities, orienting their walls to cardinal points. Symbolic cities were constructed as celestial microcosms , with the central point corresponding to the pole star representing harmony and connection between the earthly and other realms.
Kingdom city state 2000–1650 BC Qatna: Qatna City-State 2000–1340 BC Sea Peoples: Not specified Tribal confederacy 1575–1175 BC Sumer: Various Kingdom city states 4500–1900 BC Troas: Troy Kingdom 2000–700 BC Ugarit: Ugarit Kingdom city state 2500–1090 BC Ur: Ur city state 3800–800 BC Urkesh: Urkesh Kingdom city state/client 2250 ...
Phoenician civilization was organized in city-states, similar to those of ancient Greece, of which the most notable were Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos. [3] [4] Each city-state was politically independent, and there is no evidence the Phoenicians viewed themselves as a single nationality. [5]
The most prominent of the city-states was Sumer, which gave its language to the area (presumably the first written language), and became the first great civilization of mankind. About 2340 BC, Sargon the Great (c. 2360–2305 BC) united the city-states in the south and founded the Akkadian dynasty, the world's first empire." [14]
The Akkadian Empire (/ ə ˈ k eɪ d i ən /) [2] was an early ancient empire, succeeding the long-lived city-states of Sumer.Centered on the city of Akkad (/ ˈ æ k æ d /) [3] and its surrounding region, the empire united Akkadian and Sumerian speakers under one rule and exercised significant influence across Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia, sending military expeditions as far south ...
The Hellenic civilisation was a collection of city-states or poleis with different governments and cultures that achieved notable developments in government, philosophy, science, mathematics, politics, sports, theatre and music. The most powerful city-states were Athens, Sparta, Thebes, Corinth, and Syracuse.
The Maya developed an agriculturally intensive, city-centred civilization consisting of numerous independent city-states – some subservient to others. [31] During the Early Classic, cities throughout the Maya region were influenced by the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the distant Valley of Mexico. [32]