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Employee motivation is an intrinsic and internal drive to put forth the necessary effort and action towards work-related activities. It has been broadly defined as the "psychological forces that determine the direction of a person's behavior in an organisation, a person's level of effort and a person's level of persistence". [1]
An alternative motivation theory to Maslow's hierarchy of needs is the motivator-hygiene (Herzberg's) theory. While Maslow's hierarchy implies the addition or removal of the same need stimuli will enhance or detract from the employee's satisfaction, Herzberg's findings indicate that factors garnering job satisfaction are separate from factors leading to poor job satisfaction and employee turnover.
Maintenance: involves keeping the employees' commitment and loyalty to the organization. Managing for employee retention involves strategic actions to keep employees motivated and focused so they remain employed and fully productive for the benefit of the organization. [30] Some businesses globalize and form more diverse teams. HR departments ...
However, if a pattern is established whereas an employee understands his performance will lead to certain desired rewards, an employee's motivation can be strengthened based on anticipation. [11] If the employees foresee a high probability that they can successfully carry out a desired behavior, and that their behavior will lead to a valued ...
Job embeddedness was first introduced by Mitchell and colleagues [1] in an effort to improve traditional employee turnover models. According to these models, factors such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment and the individual's perception of job alternatives together predict an employee's intent to leave and subsequently, turnover (e.g., [4] [5] [6] [7]).
Normative commitment in employees is also high where employees regularly see visible examples of the employer being committed to employee well-being. An employee with greater organizational commitment has a greater chance of contributing to organizational success and will also experience higher levels of job satisfaction.
One of the biggest benefits is productivity. Happy workers are 12% more productive. [5] The increased productivity can be attributed to a number of factors, including reduction in workplace accidents, decreased stress levels, and even a downturn in number of sick days taken due to the positive effect on employee health that high morale provides.
Retention management focuses on measures that lead to retention of employees. It includes activities that systematically influence the binding, performance and degree of loyalty of staff. David J. Forrest (1999) defines 5 basic principles [2] of retention management that lead to employee performance and satisfaction, and therefore to their ...