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The erector spinae (/ ɪ ˈ r ɛ k t ər ˈ s p aɪ n i / irr-EK-tər SPY-nee) [1] or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back. The spinal erectors work together with the glutes ( gluteus maximus , gluteus medius and gluteus minimus ) to maintain stable posture standing or sitting .
The piriformis muscle (from Latin piriformis 'pear-shaped') is a flat, pyramidally-shaped muscle in the gluteal region of the lower limbs. It is one of the six muscles in the lateral rotator group . The piriformis muscle has its origin upon the front surface of the sacrum , and inserts onto the greater trochanter of the femur .
The posterior layer is thick, being reinforced by the aponeurosis (origin) of the latissimus dorsi muscle. [1]: 274 It consists of a superficial lamina derived primarily from the latissimus dorsi and serratus posterior inferior, and a deeper lamina which forms a retinacular sheet encapsulating the paraspinal muscles. [3]
The piriformis nerve, also known as the nerve to piriformis, is the peripheral nerve that provides motor innervation to the piriformis muscle. Structure [ edit ]
Muscles Worked: Erector spinae muscles (which help with spine stabilization), rectus abdominis and glutes. Common Mistakes: Arching the spine, rotating the hips, shifting your body weight from ...
Epaxial muscles include other (dorsal) muscles associated with the vertebrae, ribs, and base of the skull. In humans, the erector spinae, the transversospinales (including the multifidus, semispinalis and rotatores), the splenius and suboccipital muscles are the only epaxial muscles. Hypaxial and epaxial muscles develop directly from somitic ...
After they branch off the dorsal rami, they pass through the erector spinae muscle, psoas major, paraspinal muscles, and then inferior latissimus dorsi to reach the iliac crest. [5] The nerves then pass through an osteofibrous tunnel created by the thoracolumbar fascia and rim of the superior iliac crest. [6]
The back muscles can usually heal themselves within a couple of weeks, but the pain can be intense and debilitating. Other common sources of back pain include disc problems, such as degenerative disc disease or a lumbar disc herniation , many types of fractures, such as spondylolisthesis or an osteoporotic fracture, or osteoarthritis .