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Zopiclone is molecularly distinct from benzodiazepine drugs and is classed as a cyclopyrrolone. However, zopiclone increases the normal transmission of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, via modulating GABA A receptors similarly to the way benzodiazepine drugs do inducing sedation but not with the ...
The tables below contain a sample list of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine analogs that are commonly prescribed, with their basic pharmacological characteristics, such as half-life and equivalent doses to other benzodiazepines, also listed, along with their trade names and primary uses.
Less than 10% of the orally administered dose is excreted in the urine as racemic zopiclone. [29] [30] In terms of benzodiazepine receptor binding and relevant potency, 3 mg of eszopiclone is equivalent to 10 mg of diazepam. [31]
Chemical structure of the prototypical Z-drug zolpidem. Nonbenzodiazepines (/ ˌ n ɒ n ˌ b ɛ n z oʊ d aɪ ˈ æ z ɪ p iː n,-ˈ eɪ-/ [1] [2]), sometimes referred to colloquially as Z-drugs (as many of their names begin with the letter "z"), are a class of psychoactive, depressant, sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic drugs that are benzodiazepine-like in uses, such as for treating insomnia [3 ...
Failing that, an alternative method may be necessary for some people, such as a switch to a benzodiazepine equivalent dose of a longer-acting benzodiazepine drug, as for diazepam or chlordiazepoxide, followed by a gradual reduction in dose of the long-acting benzodiazepine. [46]
Although cyclopyrrolones are chemically unrelated to benzodiazepines, they function via the benzodiazepine receptor of neurotransmitter GABA. [1] The best-known cyclopyrrolone derivatives are zopiclone (Imovane) and its active single-enantiomer component, eszopiclone (Lunesta), which are used to treat insomnia, and have a known potential for ...
Sonata – a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic Spravato ( esketamine ) – a rapid-acting antidepressant of the NMDA receptor antagonist class; enantiomer of ketamine Stelazine ( trifluoperazine ) – an antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychotic disorders, anxiety , and nausea caused by chemotherapy [ 2 ]
Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic. [15] It is used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety , seizures , alcohol withdrawal syndrome , muscle spasms , insomnia , and restless legs syndrome . [ 15 ]