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  2. File-system permissions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File-system_permissions

    When set for a directory, this permission grants the ability to read the names of files in the directory, but not to find out any further information about them such as contents, file type, size, ownership, permissions. The write permission grants the ability to modify a file. When set for a directory, this permission grants the ability to ...

  3. Terminfo - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminfo

    X/Open does not specify the format of the compiled terminal description. In fact, it does not even mention the common tic or infocmp utilities. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Because the compiled terminfo entries do not contain metadata identifying the indices within the tables to which each capability is assigned, they are not necessarily compatible between ...

  4. pushd and popd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pushd_and_popd

    The pushd ('push directory') command saves the current working directory to the stack then changes the working directory to the new path input by the user. If pushd is not provided with a path argument , in Unix it instead swaps the top two directories on the stack, which can be used to toggle between two directories.

  5. Shell (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(computing)

    In the lower right we can see a terminal emulator running a Unix shell, in which the user can type commands as if they were sitting at a terminal. In computing , a shell is a computer program that exposes an operating system 's services to a human user or other programs.

  6. Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard

    Site-specific data served by this system, such as data and scripts for web servers, data offered by FTP servers, and repositories for version control systems (appeared in FHS-2.3 in 2004). /sys: Contains information about devices, drivers, and some kernel features. [8] /tmp: Directory for temporary files (see also /var/tmp). Often not preserved ...

  7. Standard streams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams

    Standard input is a stream from which a program reads its input data. The program requests data transfers by use of the read operation. Not all programs require stream input. For example, the dir and ls programs (which display file names contained in a directory) may take command-line arguments, but perform their operations without any stream ...

  8. File locking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_locking

    An fwrite of data obtained from the buffer by fread will not be obtaining the data from the file itself, and some other user could have changed it. Both could use flock to ensure exclusive access, which prevents simultaneous writes, but since the reads are reading from the buffer and not the file itself, any data changed by user #1 can be lost ...

  9. List of command-line interpreters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_command-line...

    COMMAND.COM, the original Microsoft command line processor introduced on MS-DOS as well as Windows 9x, in 32-bit versions of NT-based Windows via NTVDM; cmd.exe, successor of COMMAND.COM introduced on OS/2 and Windows NT systems, although COMMAND.COM is still available in virtual DOS machines on IA-32 versions of those operating systems also.