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Beauty Without Cruelty (BWC) was founded as an educational charitable trust in England in 1959 by Muriel, the Lady Dowding (1908–1993), past president of the National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAVS) and wife of Lord Dowding (1882–1970), the former commander-in-chief of RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain. [1]
The fundamental purpose was to demonstrate that alternatives to clothing and cosmetics free from all animal cruelty were easily obtainable. [18] [21] In 1963, she founded Beauty Without Cruelty Cosmetics (BWC Ltd) with the help of Kathleen Long so that their full range of cruelty-free products could be sold.
Valmor products had several sub-brands including Lucky Brown, Madam Jones, King Novelty, and Famous Products Co. [4] The company was based on the South Side of Chicago throughout its history, selling perfumes, hair pomades, incense, and other beauty products. [1] The Neumann’s ran Valmor until the company closed in 1984. [5] [6]
Helene Curtis Industries, Inc. was an American cosmetics and beauty parlor products [1] firm based in Chicago. The company acquired a hair-coloring line through the acquisition of a competitor business. Later the retailer diversified into the field of personal care products, manufacturing Degree, among other items. [2]
NARS is no longer a cruelty-free brand. [10] In 2017, NARS announced that, despite being against animal testing, it was a requirement for selling products in the China market. [ 11 ] In a public statement the company said: "We have decided to make NARS available in China because we feel it is important to bring our vision of beauty and artistry ...
[1] [4] The product was aimed at African American women who straightened their hair to eliminate the need to use a hot comb, grease, and frequent trips to the beauty shop. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] By the 1960s had an estimated 80 percent of the black hair-care market and annual sales of $12.6 million by 1970. [ 1 ]