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The Gaussian function has a 1/e 2 diameter (2w as used in the text) about 1.7 times the FWHM.. At a position z along the beam (measured from the focus), the spot size parameter w is given by a hyperbolic relation: [1] = + (), where [1] = is called the Rayleigh range as further discussed below, and is the refractive index of the medium.
In optics, the complex beam parameter is a complex number that specifies the properties of a Gaussian beam at a particular point z along the axis of the beam. It is usually denoted by q . It can be calculated from the beam's vacuum wavelength λ 0 , the radius of curvature R of the phase front , the index of refraction n ( n =1 for air), and ...
Gaussian beam width () as a function of the axial distance .: beam waist; : confocal parameter; : Rayleigh length; : total angular spread In optics and especially laser science, the Rayleigh length or Rayleigh range, , is the distance along the propagation direction of a beam from the waist to the place where the area of the cross section is doubled. [1]
If we have a Gaussian beam of wavelength , radius of curvature R (positive for diverging, negative for converging), beam spot size w and refractive index n, it is possible to define a complex beam parameter q by: [8] =.
A Gaussian beam has the lowest possible BPP, /, where is the wavelength of the light. [1] The ratio of the BPP of an actual beam to that of an ideal Gaussian beam at the same wavelength is denoted M 2 ("M squared"). This parameter is a wavelength-independent measure of beam quality.
It corresponds to the beam parameter product (BPP) in Gaussian beam optics. Other names for etendue include acceptance, throughput, light grasp, light-gathering power, optical extent, [1] and the AΩ product. Throughput and AΩ product are especially used in radiometry and radiative transfer where it is related to the view factor (or shape factor).
For example, if the heights of two lines are found to be h 1 and h 2, c 1 = h 1 / ε 1 and c 2 = h 2 / ε 2. [14] Parameters of the line shape are unknown. The intensity of each component is a function of at least 3 parameters, position, height and half-width. In addition one or both of the line shape function and baseline function may not be ...
Beam profile: A beam profile is the 2D intensity plot of a beam at a given location along the beam path. A Gaussian or flat-top profile is often desired. The beam profile indicates nuisance high-order spatial modes in a laser cavity as well as hot spots in the beam. Beam astigmatism: The beam is astigmatic when the vertical and horizontal parts ...