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The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. [1] [a] It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull Inter gravissimas issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar.
For determination of the day of the week (1 January 2000, Saturday) the day of the month: 1 ~ 31 (1) the month: (6) the year: (0) the century mod 4 for the Gregorian calendar and mod 7 for the Julian calendar (0). adding 1+6+0+0=7. Dividing by 7 leaves a remainder of 0, so the day of the week is Saturday. The formula is w = (d + m + y + c) mod 7.
The seven-day week was adopted in early Christianity from the Hebrew calendar, and gradually replaced the Roman internundinum. [citation needed] Sunday remained the first day of the week, being considered the day of the sun god Sol Invictus and the Lord's Day, while the Jewish Sabbath remained the seventh.
Since in the Gregorian calendar there are 146,097 days, or exactly 20,871 seven-day weeks, in 400 years, the anchor day repeats every four centuries. For example, the anchor day of 1700–1799 is the same as the anchor day of 2100–2199, i.e. Sunday.
This is a list of calendars.Included are historical calendars as well as proposed ones. Historical calendars are often grouped into larger categories by cultural sphere or historical period; thus O'Neil (1976) distinguishes the groupings Egyptian calendars (Ancient Egypt), Babylonian calendars (Ancient Mesopotamia), Indian calendars (Hindu and Buddhist traditions of the Indian subcontinent ...
Zeller's congruence is an algorithm devised by Christian Zeller in the 19th century to calculate the day of the week for any Julian or Gregorian calendar date. It can be considered to be based on the conversion between Julian day and the calendar date.
The ISO week calendar relies on the Gregorian calendar, which it augments, to define the new year day (Monday of week 01). As a result, extra weeks are spread across the 400-year cycle in a complex, seemingly random pattern.
The concordat took effect from Easter Sunday, 28 Germinal, Year XI (8 April 1802); it restored the names of the days of the week to the ones from the Gregorian calendar, and fixed Sunday as the official day of rest and religious celebration. [6] However, the other attributes of the republican calendar, the months, and years, remained as they were.