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Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census. In many early attempts, such as in Ancient Egypt and the Persian Empire, the focus was on counting merely a subset of the population for purposes of taxation or military service. [2]
Map of the world in 323 BC Map of the Eastern Hemisphere in 100 BC. Classical demography refers to the study of human demography in the Classical period.It often focuses on the absolute number of people who were alive in civilizations around the Mediterranean Sea between the Bronze Age and the fall of the Western Roman Empire, but in recent decades historians have been more interested in ...
Population of the world from 10,000 BC to 2000 AD (logarithmic scale) Estimating the ancestral population of anatomically modern humans, Colin McEvedy and Richard Jones chose bounds based on gorilla and chimpanzee population densities of 1/km 2 and 3-4/km 2, [1] respectively, then assumed that as Homo erectus moved up the food chain, they lost an order of magnitude in density.
Huff et al. (2010) rejected all models with an ancient effective population size larger than 26,000. [9] For ca. 130,000 years ago, Sjödin et al. (2012) estimate an effective population size of the order of 10,000 to 30,000 individuals, and infer an actual "census population" of early Homo sapiens of roughly 100,000 to 300,000 individuals. [ 10 ]
1 World population estimates (1 C.E.) and growth rates (till 1000 C.E.) with 20 current countries 2 Alternative Estimates of the Regional Components of World Population, 1 C.E. (in thousands) 3 See also
At its height, it controlled 25% of the world’s landmass — geographically, the largest empire ever — and 412 million subjects or 23% of the world’s population.
Many of the figures are uncertain, especially in ancient times. Estimating population sizes before censuses were conducted is a difficult task. [1] Neolithic settlements
The sources of historical demography vary according to the period and topics of the study. For the recent period - beginning in the early nineteenth century in most European countries, and later in the rest of the world - historical demographers make use of data collected by governments, including censuses and vital statistics.