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Mercury is one of four terrestrial planets in the Solar System, which means it is a rocky body like Earth. It is the smallest planet in the Solar System, with an equatorial radius of 2,439.7 kilometres (1,516.0 mi). [4] Mercury is also smaller—albeit more massive—than the largest natural satellites in the Solar System, Ganymede and Titan.
The orbital period (also revolution period) is the amount of time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object. In astronomy , it usually applies to planets or asteroids orbiting the Sun , moons orbiting planets, exoplanets orbiting other stars , or binary stars .
In VSOP87 especially these long period terms were addressed, resulting in much higher accuracy, although the calculation method itself remained similar. VSOP87 guarantees for Mercury, Venus, the Earth-Moon barycenter and Mars a precision of 1" for 4000 years before and after
Rotation period with respect to distant stars, the sidereal rotation period (compared to Earth's mean Solar days) Synodic rotation period (mean Solar day) Apparent rotational period viewed from Earth Sun [i] 25.379995 days (Carrington rotation) 35 days (high latitude) 25 d 9 h 7 m 11.6 s 35 d ~28 days (equatorial) [2] Mercury: 58.6462 days [3 ...
The square of the period of the planet (one revolution around the Sun) is proportional to the cube of the average distance from the Sun. [73] In modern notation, = [73] where a is the radius of the orbit, T is the period, G is the gravitational constant and M is the mass of the Sun.
Mercury retrograde refers to the period of time when Mercury moves slower than the Earth around the sun – causing it to appear to spin backward in the night sky. Retrograde motion is an apparent ...
In the case of Mercury, half of the greater axis is about 5.79 × 10 10 m, the eccentricity of its orbit is 0.206 and the period of revolution 87.97 days or 7.6 × 10 6 s. From these and the speed of light (which is ~ 3 × 10 8 m/s ), it can be calculated that the apsidal precession during one period of revolution is ε = 5.028 × 10 −7 ...
An undetected planet with a 13.0-day period would create a 3:2 resonance chain. [66] Kepler-88 has a pair of inner planets close to a 1:2 resonance (period ratio of 2.0396), with a mass ratio of ~22.5, producing very large transit timing variations of ~0.5 days for the innermost planet. There is a yet more massive outer planet in a ~1400 day orbit.