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In genetics, attenuation is a regulatory mechanism for some bacterial operons that results in premature termination of transcription. The canonical example of attenuation used in many introductory genetics textbooks, [ 1 ] is ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon .
The repression system targets the intracellular trp concentration whereas the attenuation responds to the concentration of charged tRNA trp. [2] Thus, the trpR repressor decreases gene expression by altering the initiation of transcription, while attenuation does so by altering the process of transcription that's already in progress. [2]
Translation promotes transcription elongation and regulates transcription termination. Functional coupling between transcription and translation is caused by direct physical interactions between the ribosome and RNA polymerase ("expressome complex"), ribosome-dependent changes to nascent mRNA secondary structure which affect RNA polymerase activity (e.g. "attenuation"), and ribosome-dependent ...
Transcription attenuation is a type of prokaryotic regulation that happens only under certain conditions. This process occurs at the beginning of RNA transcription and causes the RNA chain to terminate before gene expression. [5] Transcription attenuation is caused by the incorrect formation of a nascent RNA chain.
Several cell function specific transcription factor proteins (in 2018 Lambert et al. indicated there were about 1,600 transcription factors in a human cell [41]) generally bind to specific motifs on an enhancer [22] and a small combination of these enhancer-bound transcription factors, when brought close to a promoter by a DNA loop, govern the ...
The formation of the terminator requires the trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP protein) in species of Bacillus and related bacteria. This protein is encoded by the MtrB gene. [2] TRAP protein forms an oligomer of 11 subunits, in the presence of tryptophan this binds to section of RNA containing 11 (G/U)AG repeats.
Visceral fat is the type of fat that surrounds your internal organs in your abdomen. It can be particularly worrisome because it's housed in places where fat shouldn’t be stored in excess. While ...
The process of termination by Rho factor is regulated by attenuation and antitermination mechanisms, competing with elongation factors for overlapping utilization sites (ruts and nuts), and depends on how fast Rho can move during the transcription to catch up with the RNA polymerase and activate the termination process. [7]