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Cardiac sarcomere structure, featuring troponin T. Cardiac muscle troponin T (cTnT) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNT2 gene. [5] [6] Cardiac TnT is the tropomyosin-binding subunit of the troponin complex, which is located on the thin filament of striated muscles and regulates muscle contraction in response to alterations in intracellular calcium ion concentration.
Within the muscle tissue of animals and humans, contraction and relaxation of the muscle cells is a highly regulated and rhythmic process.In cardiomyocytes, or cardiac muscle cells, muscular contraction takes place due to movement at a structure referred to as the diad, sometimes spelled "dyad."
Additionally, the contractility and electrophysiological environment of the cardiomyocyte are regulated by the cardiac endothelium. [ 5 ] The endocardial endothelium may also act as a kind of blood–heart barrier (analogous to the blood–brain barrier ), thus controlling the ionic composition of the extracellular fluid in which the ...
Cat's blood is a little harder to come by and not as available as dog's blood," the cats vet, Dr. Sean Perry, told the Miami Herald. That's where a dog comes into the picture and in this case, a ...
Also, cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration has been demonstrated to occur in various neonatal mammals in response to injury in the first week of life. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Current research aims to further understand the biological mechanism underlying cardiomyocyte proliferation in hopes to turn this capability back on in adults in order to ...
Intercalated discs support synchronized contraction of cardiac tissue in a wave-like pattern so that the heart can work like a pump. [1] They occur at the Z line of the sarcomere and can be visualized easily when observing a longitudinal section of the tissue.
This rate can be altered, however, by nerves that work to either increase heart rate (sympathetic nerves) or decrease it (parasympathetic nerves), as the body's oxygen demands change. Ultimately, muscle contraction revolves around a charged atom (ion) , calcium (Ca 2+ ) , [ 3 ] which is responsible for converting the electrical energy of the ...
Feline arterial thromboembolism (FATE syndrome) (German: Feline arterielle Thromboembolie) is a disease of the domestic cat in which blood clots block arteries, causing severe circulatory problems. Relative to the total number of feline patients, the disease is rare, but relatively common in cats with heart disease: about one-sixth of cats with ...