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A comparison of the watt and the lumen illustrates the distinction between radiometric and photometric units. The watt is a unit of power. We are accustomed to thinking of light bulbs in terms of power in watts. This power is not a measure of the amount of light output, but rather indicates how much energy the bulb will use.
Several measures of light are commonly known as intensity: Radiant intensity, a radiometric quantity measured in watts per steradian (W/sr) Luminous intensity, a photometric quantity measured in lumens per steradian (lm/sr), or candela (cd) Irradiance, a radiometric quantity, measured in watts per square meter (W/m 2)
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. [1] It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle .
Luminance: L v: candela per square metre: cd/m 2 (= lm/(sr⋅m 2)) L −2 ⋅J: Luminous flux per unit solid angle per unit projected source area. The candela per square metre is sometimes called the nit. Illuminance: E v: lux (= lumen per square metre) lx (= lm/m 2) L −2 ⋅J: Luminous flux incident on a surface Luminous exitance, luminous ...
The radiant power of light passing through a particular surface per unit solid angle per unit projected area, measured in SI units in watt per steradian per square metre (W·sr −1 ·m −2). Luminance (Y or L v,Ω) The radiance weighted by the effect of each wavelength on a typical human observer, measured in SI units in candela per square ...
Relative luminance follows the photometric definition of luminance including spectral weighting for human vision, but while luminance is a measure of light in units such as /, relative luminance values are normalized as 0.0 to 1.0 (or 1 to 100), with 1.0 (or 100) being a theoretical perfect reflector of 100% reference white. [1]
Spectrophotometry uses photometers, known as spectrophotometers, that can measure the intensity of a light beam at different wavelengths. Although spectrophotometry is most commonly applied to ultraviolet, visible , and infrared radiation, modern spectrophotometers can interrogate wide swaths of the electromagnetic spectrum , including x-ray ...
In SI units illuminance is measured in lux (lx), or equivalently in lumens per square metre (lm·m −2). [2] Luminous exitance is measured in lm·m −2 only, not lux. [4] In the CGS system, the unit of illuminance is the phot, which is equal to 10 000 lux. The foot-candle is a non-metric unit of illuminance that is used in photography. [5]