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  2. File:Ionization energies of atoms - labeled - atomic orbital ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ionization_energies...

    English: Ionization energy is the minimal energy needed to remove an electron from a neutral atom. The ionization energies grow within a period in the periodic table of elements from alkali metals to noble gases and reach local maxima as each of the s, p, d and f orbitals fill.

  3. Thermodynamic diagrams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_diagrams

    The three diagrams are constructed from the P–alpha diagram by using appropriate coordinate transformations. Not a thermodynamic diagram in a strict sense, since it does not display the energy–area equivalence, is the Stüve diagram; But due to its simpler construction it is preferred in education. [citation needed]

  4. File:IAH diagram.pdf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IAH_diagram.pdf

    Original file (806 × 1,237 pixels, file size: 321 KB, MIME type: application/pdf) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below.

  5. Molecular orbital diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_orbital_diagram

    A diatomic molecular orbital diagram is used to understand the bonding of a diatomic molecule. MO diagrams can be used to deduce magnetic properties of a molecule and how they change with ionization. They also give insight to the bond order of the molecule, how many bonds are shared between the two atoms. [12]

  6. Macromolecular cages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromolecular_cages

    Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have also been used to form cage architectures and in one such example Schiff base cyclization was used to form the macromolecular cage molecule. [8] In this synthesis 1,3,5-triformylbenzene and ( R,R )-(1,2)-diphenylethylenediamine undergo cycloimination in dichloromethane with trifluoroacetic acid as a ...

  7. Molecular graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graph

    Its vertices are labeled with the kinds of the corresponding atoms and edges are labeled with the types of bonds. [1] For particular purposes any of the labelings may be ignored. A hydrogen-depleted molecular graph or hydrogen-suppressed molecular graph is the molecular graph with hydrogen vertices deleted.

  8. Angular momentum diagrams (quantum mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum_diagrams...

    As a diagram this is a singleheaded arrow. Symmetrically, the corresponding bra is j, m|. In diagram form this is a doubleheaded arrow, pointing in the opposite direction to the ket. In each case; the quantum numbers j, m are often labelled next to the arrows to refer to a specific angular momentum state,

  9. Faraday's ice pail experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday's_ice_pail_experiment

    [4] [5] It also demonstrates the principles behind electromagnetic shielding such as employed in the Faraday cage. [6] [7] The ice pail experiment was the first precise quantitative experiment on electrostatic charge. [8] It is still used today in lecture demonstrations and physics laboratory courses to teach the principles of electrostatics. [9]