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The language of the earliest Lithuanian writings, in the 16th and 17th centuries, is known as Old Lithuanian and differs in some significant respects from the Lithuanian of today. Besides the specific differences given below, nouns, verbs, and adjectives still had separate endings for the dual number .
The structure of the Universitas lingvarum Litvaniæ and the classification of parts of language were influenced by the Latin and Polish grammars of that period. [2] The most important feature of the Universitas lingvarum Litvaniæ, which distinguishes it from other grammars of the Lithuanian language of that period, is the understanding of the system of accentuation of the Lithuanian language ...
The Lithuanians (Latin: Letwini; [1] Low German: Lettowen; [2] Old East Slavic: Литъва, Литва; [3] [a] Old Swedish: lättugha; [4] modern Lithuanian: rytiniai senlietuviai, senlietuviai) were one of the largest East Baltic tribes, inhabiting present-day Eastern Lithuania from the 5th to the 13th centuries. [5]
The standard Prussian Lithuanian language is quite similar to standard Lithuanian except for the number of German loanwords. The Lithuanian language which was spoken in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was influenced by Polish and Ruthenian, while in Prussia it was influenced more heavily by the German language. Thus, while Lithuanians used Slavic ...
The Lithuanian language survived, however, in spite of encroachments by the Ruthenian, Polish, Russian, Belarusian and German languages, as a peasant vernacular, and from 1547 in written religious use. [106] Western Lithuania had an important role in the preservation of the Lithuanian language and its culture.
notes by Johann Flierl, Wilhelm Poland and Georg Schwarz, culminating in Walter Roth's The Structure of the Koko Yimidir Language in 1901. [207] [208] A list of 61 words recorded in 1770 by James Cook and Joseph Banks was the first written record of an Australian language. [209] 1891: Galela: grammatical sketch by M.J. van Baarda [210] 1893: Oromo
The Ruthenian language had an old writing tradition. [129] The language of the Orthodox Church was Old Church Slavonic, while official documents used the so-called Chancery Ruthenian, close to but not identical to the spoken language, which over time absorbed many Lithuanian and Polish words. [130] [131] [132]
Modern Lithuanian, with limited records in Old Lithuanian (c. 1500 –1700). Old Church Slavonic (c. 900 –1000). Other secondary sources, of lesser value due to poor attestation: Luwian, Lycian, Lydian and other Anatolian languages (c. 1400 –400 BC). Oscan, Umbrian and other Old Italic languages (c. 600 –200 BC). Old Persian (c. 500 BC).