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Word2vec is a technique in natural language processing (NLP) for obtaining vector representations of words. These vectors capture information about the meaning of the word based on the surrounding words.
In computing, data deduplication is a technique for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating data. Successful implementation of the technique can improve storage utilization, which may in turn lower capital expenditure by reducing the overall amount of storage media required to meet storage capacity needs.
Zipf's law (/ z ɪ f /; German pronunciation:) is an empirical law stating that when a list of measured values is sorted in decreasing order, the value of the n-th entry is often approximately inversely proportional to n. The best known instance of Zipf's law applies to the frequency table of words in a text or corpus of natural language:
Their exact values are not known, but upper and lower bounds on their values have been proven, [15] and it is known that they grow inversely proportionally to the square root of the alphabet size. [16] Simplified mathematical models of the longest common subsequence problem have been shown to be controlled by the Tracy–Widom distribution. [17]
In computer science, a hash table is a data structure that implements an associative array, also called a dictionary or simply map; an associative array is an abstract data type that maps keys to values. [3] A hash table uses a hash function to compute an index, also called a hash code, into an array of buckets or slots, from which the desired ...
The same technique can be used to map two-letter country codes like "us" or "za" to country names (26 2 = 676 table entries), 5-digit ZIP codes like 13083 to city names (100 000 entries), etc. Invalid data values (such as the country code "xx" or the ZIP code 00000) may be left undefined in the table or mapped to some appropriate "null" value.
The terms data dictionary and data repository indicate a more general software utility than a catalogue. A catalogue is closely coupled with the DBMS software. It provides the information stored in it to the user and the DBA, but it is mainly accessed by the various software modules of the DBMS itself, such as DDL and DML compilers, the query optimiser, the transaction processor, report ...
Other problems also reduce to those in the above table: for example, whether = for some reduces to existence-of-a-zero for the sequence . As a second example, for sequences in the real numbers, weak positivity (is s n ≥ 0 {\displaystyle s_{n}\geq 0} for all n {\displaystyle n} ?) reduces to positivity of the sequence − s n {\displaystyle -s ...