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Date: 27 February 2007: Source: Own work. Data from Image:Perserkriege.jpg by Captain Blood, which uses the dtv-Atlas Weltgeschichte. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart, p.56. Blank map from Image:Map greek sanctuaries-fr.s
The military history of Greece between the end of the second Persian invasion of Greece and the Peloponnesian War (479–431 BC) is not well supported by surviving ancient sources. This period, sometimes referred to as the pentekontaetia ( πεντηκονταετία , the Fifty Years ) by ancient writers, was a period of relative peace and ...
Map of Greece during the Persian Wars from the Ionian Revolt. The city-states of Athens and Eretria had aided the unsuccessful Ionian Revolt against the Persian Empire of Darius I in 499–494 BC. The Persian Empire was still relatively young and prone to revolts amongst its subject peoples.
A map showing the Greek world at the time of the battle. The first Persian invasion of Greece had its immediate roots in the Ionian Revolt, the earliest phase of the Greco-Persian Wars. However, it was also the result of the longer-term interaction between the Greeks and Persians.
The second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC) occurred during the Greco-Persian Wars, as King Xerxes I of Persia sought to conquer all of Greece. The invasion was a direct, if delayed, response to the defeat of the first Persian invasion of Greece (492–490 BC) at the Battle of Marathon, which ended Darius I's attempts to subjugate Greece.
After the battle, the remaining Persians fled to their ships, picked up the Eretrians from Aegilia, [41] and then sailed back to Asia Minor, thereby ending the campaign, and the first Persian invasion of Greece. [42] When the Persian fleet arrived in Asia Minor, Datis and Artaphernes took the Eretrians before Darius in Susa. [43]
Beginning of the first Persian invasion of Greece: 492–490 BC: First Persian invasion of Greece: Greeks: Achaemenid empire: Inconclusive: Persians capture Thrace and part of Macedon, but they fail to achieve their goals Sparta and Athens remain independent; 480–479 BC: Second Persian invasion of Greece: Greeks: Achaemenid empire: Greek victory
According to historian Charles Hignett, it was clear that only the triumph of the Persian land army in Greece could sustain Persian rule in Ionia. [4] A map showing the Greek world at the time of the battle. Xerxes left Mardonius with most of his army, and the latter decided to camp for the winter in Thessaly. [3]