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  2. Set operations (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_operations_(SQL)

    In SQL the UNION clause combines the results of two SQL queries into a single table of all matching rows. The two queries must result in the same number of columns and compatible data types in order to unite. Any duplicate records are automatically removed unless UNION ALL is used. UNION can be useful in data warehouse applications where tables ...

  3. SQL syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_syntax

    Title Authors ----- ----- SQL Examples and Guide 4 The Joy of SQL 1 An Introduction to SQL 2 Pitfalls of SQL 1 Under the precondition that isbn is the only common column name of the two tables and that a column named title only exists in the Book table, one could re-write the query above in the following form:

  4. Condition (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condition_(SQL)

    In addition to basic equality and inequality conditions, SQL allows for more complex conditional logic through constructs such as CASE, COALESCE, and NULLIF. The CASE expression, for example, enables SQL to perform conditional branching within queries, providing a mechanism to return different values based on evaluated conditions. This logic ...

  5. Join (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_(SQL)

    Conversely, an inner join can result in disastrously slow performance or even a server crash when used in a large volume query in combination with database functions in an SQL Where clause. [2] [3] [4] A function in an SQL Where clause can result in the database ignoring relatively compact table indexes. The database may read and inner join the ...

  6. Select (SQL) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Select_(SQL)

    Title Authors ----- ----- SQL Examples and Guide 4 The Joy of SQL 1 An Introduction to SQL 2 Pitfalls of SQL 1 Under the precondition that isbn is the only common column name of the two tables and that a column named title only exists in the Book table, one could re-write the query above in the following form:

  7. DUAL table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DUAL_table

    Microsoft SQL Server: SQL Server does not require a dummy table. Queries like 'select 1 + 1' can be run without a "from" clause/table name. [5] MySQL allows DUAL to be specified as a table in queries that do not need data from any tables. [6] It is suitable for use in selecting a result function such as SYSDATE() or USER(), although it is not ...

  8. Correlated subquery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlated_subquery

    In a SQL database query, a correlated subquery (also known as a synchronized subquery) is a subquery (a query nested inside another query) that uses values from the outer query. This can have major impact on performance because the correlated subquery might get recomputed every time for each row of the outer query is processed.

  9. Foreign key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_key

    A foreign key is a set of attributes in a table that refers to the primary key of another table, linking these two tables. In the context of relational databases, a foreign key is subject to an inclusion dependency constraint that the tuples consisting of the foreign key attributes in one relation, R, must also exist in some other (not necessarily distinct) relation, S; furthermore that those ...