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  2. String girdling Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_girdling_Earth

    As aircraft fly at high altitude to save fuel due to lower drag, the formula shows that a Δa rise in altitude lengthens a flight along an entire great circle by 2 π Δa. For example, each additional 1000 feet adds 2 × π × 1000 ≈ 6,283 feet (1.0340 nautical miles) around the whole Earth. In other words, each kilometre altitude increases ...

  3. Orders of magnitude (length) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(length)

    Leonardo da Vinci drew the Vitruvian Man within a square of side 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) and a circle about 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) in radius. To help compare different orders of magnitude, this section lists lengths between one meter and ten meters. Light, in vacuum, travels 1 meter in 1 ⁄ 299,792,458, or 3.3356409519815E-9 of a second.

  4. Orders of magnitude (area) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(area)

    1 square yoctometre (ym 2) 1 ym 2 10 −43 100,000 ym 2: 1 femtobarn [3] 10 −42: 1 square zeptometre (zm 2) 1 zm 2 10 −36: 1 square attometre (am 2) 1 am 2 10 −30: 1 square femtometre (fm 2) 1 fm 2 10 −29 66.52 fm 2: Thomson cross-section of the electron [4] 10 −28 100 fm 2: 1 barn, roughly the cross-sectional area of a uranium ...

  5. Geographical mile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_mile

    When each equatorial degree was divided into 18 leagues, the geographical mile was equal to ⁠ 1 / 54 ⁠ degree or about 2.06 kilometres (1.28 mi); when divided into 20 leagues, the geographical mile was equal to ⁠ 1 / 60 ⁠ degree, approximating the values provided above; and when divided into 25 leagues, the geographical mile was equal ...

  6. Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_for_Establishing...

    On May 18, 1796, Congress passed "an Act for the sale of land of the United States in the territory northwest of the River Ohio, and above the mouth of the Kentucky River". This law defined a survey grid system of 6–milesquare townships divided into 1milesquare sections, with the defining unit being the chain, specifically Gunter's ...

  7. Li (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_(unit)

    Li or ri (Chinese: 里, lǐ, or 市里, shìlǐ), also known as the Chinese mile, [citation needed] is a traditional Chinese unit of distance. The li has varied considerably over time but was usually about one third of an English mile and now has a standardized length of a half- kilometer (500 meters or 1,640 feet or 0.311 miles ).

  8. Chain (unit) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_(unit)

    Respectively, these square divisions of land are approximately 80 chains (one mile or 1.6 km), 40 chains (half a mile or 800 m), and 20 chains (a quarter mile or 400 m) on a side. The chain is still used in agriculture: measuring wheels with a circumference of 0.1 chain (diameter ≈ 2.1 ft or 64 cm) are still readily available in Canada and ...

  9. Earth's circumference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_circumference

    As one degree is ⁠ 1 / 360 ⁠ of a circle, one minute of arc is ⁠ 1 / 21600 ⁠ of a circle – such that the polar circumference of the Earth would be exactly 21,600 miles. Gunter used Snellius's circumference to define a nautical mile as 6,080 feet, the length of one minute of arc at 48 degrees latitude.