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Pachuco style. Pachuco style was a dominating trend among Mexican-American youth in the 1930s-40s. Pachucos became known for their distinguished look, dialogue, and actions. Pachucos dressed in recognizable Zoot suits, and often styled their hair into ducktails. Things like decorative chains and tattoos were also sometimes part of the pachuco look.
Caló (also known as Pachuco) is an argot or slang of Mexican Spanish that originated during the first half of the 20th century in the Southwestern United States. It is the product of zoot-suit pachuco culture that developed in the 1930s and 1940s in cities along the US-Mexico border .
During the 1930s and 1940s, the Chicano look known as pachuco appeared and was associated with the zoot suit and hep cat subcultures. [13] The press at the time accused the pachucos in the U.S. of gang membership, petty criminality, and a lack of patriotism during World War II leading to the Zoot Suit Riots. [14]
Their use of calo was the main signifier for them as Cumming states that the "early Pachuco identity was manifested in linguistic practice." [ 15 ] Pre-WWII Pachucas dressed the same as their peers, the main signifiers being tall hairstyles such as the "pompadour" or high rolls in which, much like the Pachucas of Los Angeles, they often hid knives.
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The subculture emerged in El Paso, Texas, in the late 1930s and quickly spread to Los Angeles. [25] Pachucos and Pachucas embraced this style that challenged white American norms around race and gender norms [26] [27] The Mexican American zoot suit style was usually black, sharkskin, charcoal gray, dark blue, or brown in color with pinstripes. [8]
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Pachuco culture, which probably originated in the El Paso-Juarez area, [107] spread to the borderland areas of California and Texas as Pachuquismo, which would eventually evolve into Chicanismo. Chicano zoot suiters on the west coast were influenced by Black zoot suiters in the jazz and swing music scene on the East Coast. [108]