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The following rare side effects are more serious. Like all statins, rosuvastatin can possibly cause myopathy, rhabdomyolysis: [14] [4] muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness; lack of energy; fever; chest pain; jaundice: yellowing of the skin or eyes; dark colored, or foamy urine; pain in the upper right part of the abdomen; nausea; extreme ...
The exact cause is unclear. A combination of consistent findings on physical examination, the presence of anti HMG-CoA reductase antibodies in a person with myopathy, evidence of muscle breakdown, and muscle biopsy diagnose SAAM. [3] Treatment involves stopping the associated statin medication and taking medication to suppress the immune system.
Muscle pain and other symptoms often cause patients to stop taking a statin. [87] This is known as statin intolerance. A 2021 double-blind multiple crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) in statin-intolerant patients found that adverse effects, including muscle pain, were similar between atorvastatin and placebo. [ 88 ]
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Statin-induced hepatotoxicity can cause autoimmune hepatitis and an elevation in serum levels of hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, impairing liver function. [20] Myotoxicity is commonly presented with statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS), which include myalgia and myositis. [21]
Fibrates may decrease LDL, though generally to a lesser degree than statins. Similar to statins, the risk of muscle damage exists. Nicotinic acid, like fibrates, is also well suited for lowering triglycerides by 20–50%. It may also lower LDL by 5–25% and increase HDL by 15–35%. Niacin may cause hyperglycemia and may also cause liver damage.
Muscular disease can be classified as neuromuscular or musculoskeletal in nature. Different myopathies may be inherited, infectious, non-communicable, or idiopathic (cause unknown). The disease may be isolated to affecting only muscle (pure myopathy), or may be part of a systemic disease as is typical in mitochondrial myopathies.
As the muscle dies this will cause pain to radiate from the affected area into the compartmentalized tissue. A loss of range of motion from swelling will also be seen in the affected limb. Along with muscle strength weakness associated with the muscles involved from loss of filament interaction. [15] Compartment syndrome in muscle