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Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is the causative agent of hepatitis C in humans, and a member of the species Hepacivirus C, was discovered in 1989. [5] Eight genotypes (1–8) and eighty-six subtypes (1a, 1b etc.) of hepatitis C virus have been named.
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) [3] is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae. The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer ( hepatocellular carcinoma , abbreviated HCC) and lymphomas in humans.
Hepatitis C is one of the leading reasons for liver transplantation. However, the virus usually recurs after transplantation. [5] An estimated 58 million people worldwide were infected with hepatitis C in 2019. Approximately 290,000 deaths from the virus, mainly from liver cancer and cirrhosis attributed to hepatitis C, also occurred in 2019. [12]
Hepacivirus A; Hepatitis C virus; N. Non-primate hepacivirus This page was last edited on 31 December 2018, at 20:31 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative ...
Members of the family Flaviviridae have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, and 9.6 to 12.3 kilobase in total length. The 5'-termini of flaviviruses carry a methylated nucleotide cap, while other members of this family are uncapped and encode an internal ribosome entry site.
The GB virus C is a virus that is probably spread by blood and sexual contact. [18] It was initially identified as Hepatitis G virus. [19] There is very little evidence that this virus causes hepatitis, as it does not appear to replicate primarily in the liver. [20] It is now classified as GB virus C. [21]
HCV genome. Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus (HCV). [1] It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function of replicating HCV's viral RNA by using the viral positive RNA strand as a template to catalyze the polymerization of ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTP) during RNA replication.
Hepacivirus A, or Canine hepacivirus (CHV) or Equine hepacivirus (EHV), is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Hepacivirus. [2] It infects dogs and horses, and causes pulmonary infections in dogs. Unlike the related Hepatitis C virus, it is not known to cause hepatitis in either host.