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Hagia Sophia (Turkish: Ayasofya; Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Σοφία, romanized: Hagía Sophía; Latin: Sancta Sapientia; lit. ' Holy Wisdom '), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque (Turkish: Ayasofya-i Kebir Cami-i Şerifi; Greek: Μεγάλο Τζαμί της Αγίας Σοφίας), is a mosque and former church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey.
For example, the Hagia Sophia is included; it was originally built as a church but currently operates as a mosque. [a] Buildings that have become churches, but which were not built for that purpose, are not included; for example, the Lakewood Church building, which was originally built to be the Compaq Center. The building must still be standing.
The church of Hagia Sophia (now a mosque) was the most significant example and had an enormous influence on both later Christian and Islamic architecture, such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Umayyad Great Mosque in Damascus. Many later Eastern Orthodox churches, particularly large ones, combine a centrally planned, domed eastern ...
Solomon and Lady Wisdom by Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld, 1860. In the Septuagint, the Greek noun sophia is the translation of Hebrew חכמות ḥoḵma "wisdom". Wisdom is a central topic in the "sapiential" books, i.e. Proverbs, Psalms, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Book of Wisdom, Wisdom of Sirach, and to some extent Baruch (the last three are Deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament).
Hagia Sophia is a cross-in-square style church, topped with a dome. The main room measures 14x14 meters, while its dome is seven meters in diameter and has sixteen windows. [6] [7] The church belongs to the so-called Epirotic octagonal-room with dome type, and is considered to be one of its finest examples. [1]
This Byzantine building with a central dome plan was erected in the 6th century by Justinian, likely was a model for Hagia Sophia, and is one of the most important early Byzantine buildings in Istanbul. Poorly executed restorations leave the church with a modern character.
As a divine liturgy of the Church of Holy Wisdom, Hagia Sophia, it became over time the usual divine liturgy in the churches within the Byzantine Empire. Just two divine liturgies (aside from the presanctified ), those of Saints John and Basil the Great , became the norm in the Byzantine Church by the end of the reign of Justinian I . [ 1 ]
Hagia Sophia was built in the fourteenth century by the first despot of Mystras, Manuel Kantakouzenos, whose monograms are preserved on marble plaques of the church. [1] [2] The church was originally dedicated to Jesus Christ the Life Giver (Ancient Greek: Ζωοδότης Χριστός, romanized: Zoodotes Christos) [2] and was the catholicon of the men's monastery, bearing the same name, as ...